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- <text id=89TT2234>
- <title>
- Aug. 28, 1989: Moscow Speaks Softly
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Aug. 28, 1989 World War II:50th Anniversary
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 18
- Moscow Speaks Softly
- </hdr><body>
- <p> Back in 1981, Moscow bristled in near fury at Solidarity.
- A "counterrevolution," snapped then Defense Minister Dmitri
- Ustinov. "A Trojan horse of imperialism!" cried the official
- media. As the trade union's protests roiled Poland, Soviet
- troops massed threateningly along the countries' common border.
- Finally, when General Wojciech Jaruzelski crushed Solidarity
- with martial law, TASS said approvingly, "The authorities are
- taking necessary measures to restore tranquillity."
- </p>
- <p> How times change. Last week, as a member of Solidarity was
- about to become Prime Minister, Soviet officials said simply
- that it was an "internal" Polish matter. A Moscow television
- reporter noted that "it is necessary to form a new government
- as quickly as possible," then ticked off a short list of
- potential leaders that included Lech Walesa. The reaction was
- expected. Visiting Paris in July, Gorbachev had said, "How the
- Polish people . . . will decide to structure their society and
- lives will be their affair."
- </p>
- <p> The Soviet inaction appeared to sound the death knell for
- a policy that took shape under Leonid Brezhnev. After the
- invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, the Soviet Union proclaimed
- that socialist countries had the right to invade a fellow
- socialist nation whenever the Communist political monopoly was
- threatened. The so-called Brezhnev Doctrine justified the tanks
- rolling into Prague and, by extension, Nikita Khrushchev's
- intervention in Hungary in 1956. But last December, Gorbachev
- announced that the "use or threat of force no longer can or must
- be an instrument of foreign policy."
- </p>
- <p> Andranik Migranyan, a Soviet intellectual, last week
- explicitly condemned the Brezhnev Doctrine in the reformist
- weekly Moscow News. Migranyan noted, however, that "the
- (democratic) processes going on in (Poland) may be properly
- understood by the Soviet Union only when Soviet foreign policy
- interests are not challenged." No one knows how Moscow's
- military hard-liners would have reacted had Walesa refused to
- leave the Defense and Interior ministries in Communist Party
- hands.
- </p>
- <p> Soviet fears may also have been assuaged in July, when
- senior Solidarity leaders invalidated their votes and allowed
- Jaruzelski to be installed in the presidency, thus proving that
- the trade union was sensitive to geopolitical realities. The
- Kremlin may have changed its thinking since 1981, but Solidarity
- has changed as well.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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